Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive Distortions
Just because you think something, doesn’t necessarily mean it’s true.

Spend just 5-10 minutes to complete the Thought Record. Note that not all questions will apply to every automatic thought. Here’s what to do:

  1. When you notice your mood getting worse, or you find yourself engaging in unhelpful behavior, ask yourself, “What’s going through my mind right now?” And as soon as possible jot down the thought or mental image in the Automatic Thought(s) column
  2. The situation may be external (something that just happened or something you just did) or internal (an intense emotion, a painful sensation, an image, daydream, flashback or stream of thoughts - e.g. thinking about your future)
  3. Then fill in the rest of the columns (thought diary page). You can try to identify cognitive distortions from the list below. More than one distortion may apply. Make sure to use the questions at the bottom of the worksheet to compose the adaptive response.
  4. Spelling, handwriting and grammar don’t count
  5. It was worth doing this worksheet if your mood improves by 10% or more.
  • All-or-nothing thinking
    Example: “If I’m not a total success. I am a failure.”
  • Perfectionism
    Example: “I have to do it perfectly, or I won’t feel well. I have to be perfect, otherwise no one will love me.”
  • Overgeneralization 
    Example: “Because I felt uncomfortable at the get-together, I don’t have what it takes to make friends.”
  • Labeling
    Examples: “I’m a loser.” “He is no good”
  • Catastrophizing (fortune telling)
    Example: “I’ll be so upset, I won’t be able to function at all.”
  • Disqualifying to discounting the positive
    Example: “I did that project well, but that doesn’t mean I’m competent; I just got lucky.”
  • Magnification/minimization
    Example: “Getting a mediocre evaluation proves how inadequate I am. Getting high marks doesn’t mean I am smart.”
  • Non-critical acceptance of critique
    Example: “ Others always know better than I am. I can’t trust my own thoughts. If my girlfriend thinks that my friend is no good, I won’t be friends with him anymore.”
  • Tunnel vision
    Example: “My son’s teacher can’t do anything right. He’s critical and insensitive and lousy at teaching.”
  • Mind Reading
    Example: “He’s thinking that I don’t know the first thing about this project.”
  • Personalization
    Example: “The repairman was curt to me because I did something wrong.”
  • “Should” and “must” statements
    Example: “It’s terrible that I made a mistake. I should always do my best.”
  • Emotional reasoning
    Example: “I know I do a lot of things okay at work, but I still feel like I’m a failure.”
  • Ruminations
    Example: “If I would have finished a university, I would have achieved much more.” “I shouldn’t have said that, it derailed my life.”
  • Mental filter (selective abstraction)
    Example: “Because I got one low rating on my evaluation (which also contained several high ratings), it means I am doing a lousy job.”
Example: Anna says “I should have married John. If I would have done this, I would have lived a happy life.”
Example: John is saying: “If I would have gone to law school, I would have been a President of my company already. Instead I got this idiotic low profiled job.”
Emotions and Thoughts (Reactions)
The language of emotions and reactions/thoughts that are related to it.
  • Accepting / Open
    Calm
    Centered
    Content
    Fulfilled
    Patient
    Peaceful
    Present
    Relaxed
    Serene
    Trusting
  • Aliveness / Joy
    Amazed
    Awe
    Bliss
    Delighted
    Eager
    Ecstatic
    Enchanted
    Energized
    Engaged
    Enthusiastic
    Excited
    Free
    Happy
    Inspired
    Invigorated
    Lively
    Passionate
    Playful
    Radiant
    Refreshed
    Rejuvenated
    Renewed
    Satisfied
    Thrilled
    Vibrant
  • Angry / Annoyed
    Agitated
    Aggravated
    Bitter
    Contempt
    Cynical
    Disdain
    Disgruntled
    Disturbed
    Edgt
    Exasperated
    Frustrated
    Furious
    Grouchy
    Hostile
    Impatient
    Irritated
    Irate
    Moody
    On edge
    Outraged
    Pissed
    Resentful
    Upset
    Vindictive
  • Courageous / Powerful
    Adventurous
    Brave
    Capable
    Confident
    Daring
    Determined
    Free
    Grounded
    Proud
    Strong
    Worthy
    Valiant
  • Connected / Loving
    Accepting
    Affectionate
    Caring
    Compassion
    Empathy
    Fulfilled
    Present
    Safe
    Warm
    Worthy
  • Curious
    Engaged
    Exploring
    Fascinated
    Interested
    Intrigued
    Involved
    Stimulated
  • Despair / Sad
    Anguish
    Depressed
    Despondent
    Disappointed
    Discouraged
    Forlorn
    Gloomy
    Grief
    Heartbroken
    Hopeless
    Lonely
    Longing
    Melancholy
    Sorrow
    Teary
    Unhappy
    Upset
    Weary
    Yearning
  • Disconnected / Numb
    Aloof
    Bored
    Confused
    Distant
    Empty
    Indifferent
    Isolated
    Lethargic
    Listless
    Removed
    Resistant
    Shut Down
    Uneasy
    Withdrawn
  • Embarrassed / Shame
    Ashamed
    Humiliated
    Inhibited
    Mortified
    Self-conscious
    Useless
    Weak
    Worthless
  • Fear
    Afraid
    Anxious
    Apprehensive
    Frightened
    Hesitant
    Nervous
    Panic
    Paralyzed
    Scared
    Terrified
    Worried
  • Fragile
    Helpless
    Sensitive
  • Grateful
    Appreciative
    Blessed
    Delighted
    Fortunate
    Grace
    Humbled
    Lucky
    Moved
    Thankful
    Touched
  • Guilt
    Regret
    Remorseful
    Sorry
  • Hopeful
    Encouraged
    Expectant
    Optimistic
    Trusting
  • Powerless
    Impotent
    Incapable
    Resigned
    Trapped
    Victim
  • Tender
    Calm
    Caring
    Loving
    Reflective
    Self-loving
    Serene
    Vulnerable
    Warm
  • Stressed / Tense
    Anxious
    Burned out
    Cranky
    Depleted
    Edgy
    Exhausted
    Frazzled
    Overwhelm
    Rattled
    Rejecting
    Restless
    Shaken
    Tight
    Weary
    Worn out
  • Unsettled / Doubt
    Apprehensive
    Concerned
    Dissatisfied
    Disturbed
    Grouchy
    Hesitant
    Inhibited
    Perplexed
    Questioning
    Rejecting
    Reluctant
    Shocked
    Skeptical
    Suspicious
    Ungrounded
    Unsure
    Worried
  • BODY SENSATIONS
    Achy
    Airy
    Blocked
    Breathless
    Bruised
    Burning
    Buzzy
    Clammy
    Clenched
    Cold
    Constricted
    Contained
    Contracted
    Dizzy
    Drained
    Dull
    Electric
    Empty
    Expanded
    Flowing
    Fluid
    Fluttery
    Frozen
    Full
    Gentle
    Hard
    Heavy Hollow
    Hot
    Icy
    Itchy
    Jumpy
    Knotted
    Light
    Loose
    Nauseous
    Numb
    Pain
    Pounding
    Prickly
    Pulsing
    Queasy
    Radiating
    Relaxed
    Releasing
    Rigid
    Sensitive
    Settled